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Advising the Other Side of the COIN II

Saturday, May 31st, 2025

INTRODUCTION

In war, whether its counterinsurgency (COIN) operations or large-scale combat operations (LSCO), “the side that is best prepared, best understands an operational environment, adapts more rapidly, and acts more quickly in conditions of uncertainty is the one most likely to win.”[1] This is a lesson best observed in urban environments, such as in the large cities in Ukraine where the local population influences and are influenced by the tactical and operational outcomes of military operations. This document explores existing COIN doctrine and seeks to relate how, during LSCO, the principles of clear, hold, and build remain valid in terms of consolidating gains, especially through the lens of security force assistance (SFA). In doing so, it is important to define doctrinal terms such as COIN, LSCO, and consolidation of gains to frame the discussion of how clear, hold, and build connects to existing doctrine as it all relates to the ongoing military operations in Ukraine, for example. Therefore, the purpose of this document is to inform Army planners at all echelons of the utility of how clear, hold, and build are still relevant during LSCO to achieve those tactical gains that support decisive operational outcomes.

COIN, as a subset of irregular warfare, is defined as “the blend of comprehensive civilian and military efforts designed to simultaneously defeat and contain insurgency and address its root causes.”[2] If insurgency is the organized use of subversion and violence to seize, nullify, or otherwise challenge the political status quo in a country or region, then COIN is the unified approach to countering an insurgency’s momentum. There are several examples of recent U.S. COIN, such as in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Columbia. The important consideration in understanding COIN is it tends to be long-term, often decades to achieve desired strategic outcomes. Much of COIN, when active, is tied to country- or region-specific foreign internal defense programs, which recently have shifted away from lethal counterterrorism operations to building partner capacity to address the broader security challenges in a country or region.

“LSCO are extensive joint combat operations in terms of scope and size of forces committed, conducted as a campaign aimed at achieving operational and strategic objectives.”[3] During large-scale ground combat, Army forces focus on defeating enemy ground forces through a balance of offensive, defensive, and stability operations. Yet, critical to these three operations is the consolidation of gains once Army forces have achieved relative advantage over enemy ground forces, but how is consolidating gains understood or implemented at the tactical level?

Consolidation of gains are “activities to make enduring any initial operational success and to set the conditions for a sustainable security environment, allowing for a transition of control to other legitimate authorities.”[4] At the tactical level, this should look like short term, yet sustainable, stability activities or targeted civil-military operations in large urban centers, such as Mariupol in Ukraine. It also could translate into training and equipping local security or police forces, as part of broader campaign objectives, depending on the authorities, but it may not necessarily be an assigned mission of a security force assistance brigade (SFAB). During a LSCO fight, SFABs will most likely support their partner force and liaise between their partner and the U.S. joint force. If true, consolidating gains in the division’s rear area, especially in terms of SFA as part of hold and build, may be tasked to other available units, such as military police or combat engineers.

Critical to consolidating gains in the rear area, or uncontested areas outside of the rear area, is understanding the civil considerations and how civil support to U.S. military operations allows Army forces to maintain momentum to conduct limited offensive operations and shape the environment in terms of influencing local populace perceptions. This document examines consolidating gains through a clear, hold, and build construct with examples of how Ukrainian security forces used COIN-era SFA developmental activities in contested areas of the Ukraine since 2014, but before the Russian invasion in 2022. Finally, this document covers what support and liaise, two of the more prominent LSCO-focused advising tasks, should look like in post-invasion Ukraine also using a clear, hold, and build construct.

CLEAR, HOLD, AND BUILD IN UKRAINE (COIN AND LSCO)

In COIN doctrine, clear, hold, and build is part of a larger concept known as shape, clear, hold, build, and transition. This document does not explore shape or transition as it is outside the scope of advising partner forces while consolidating gains in division rear areas as part of broader SFA objectives. Although consolidating gains can mean almost anything during LSCO, such as establishing defensive perimeters in key terrain or conducting civil-military operations in large urban centers, the methodology to examine the proper context of advising partner forces on SFA is through a clear, hold, and build construct. In the following three sections, COIN is introduced and described first, followed by a brief description of what advising support and liaise should look like during LSCO through the hypothetical lens of U.S. advising teams.

Clear

In COIN, clear is an offensive-oriented task to remove insurgent forces and eliminate organized resistance in an assigned area. During the clear phase, it is critical for the United States to comply with the international law of war and avoid the destruction of civilian homes or the disruption of business as upsetting either will have negative amplifiable effects to U.S. COIN efforts, especially in large cities. Once insurgent forces have been removed or eliminated, eliminating their capabilities to influence or coerce becomes a police function that will rely heavily on military forces and intelligence assets until a host nation’s security sector institutions have the capacity to assume responsibility within an assigned area.

In 2014, Russia seized Crimea and sponsored an insurgency in eastern Ukraine that killed more than 13,000 people.[5] Russia annexed Crimea, resulting in demonstrations by pro-Russian supporters that broke out across Ukraine’s southern and eastern oblasts. In the Donbas region, for example, civil unrest eventually became an armed conflict, and despite a negotiated cease-fire, low-intensity fighting continued until the Russians invaded in full force in 2022. Yet, from 2014 to 2022, despite episodic clearing operations from Ukrainian security forces, the fighting in Donbas was largely a frozen conflict, or, in international relations parlance, a situation in which an active armed conflict ended without a satisfying peaceful resolution for both combatants.

In LSCO, like COIN, clear is also an offensive-oriented task and is the most dangerous and dynamic phase. Ukrainian security forces launched a counteroffensive 29 August 2022, to retake control of the southern regions of Kherson and Mykolaiv, which were occupied by Russian troops. By 12 November, despite heavily fighting acrost Kherson oblast, Ukrainian security forces recaptured the city of Kherson, breaking Russia’s access to that area of the Black Sea coast. In this example, and as a hypothetical, had U.S. advisor teams accompanied Ukrainian security forces during their counteroffensive, support and liaise could have demonstrated greater targeting capabilities from the Ukrainians to strike at large enemy troop movements that were deployed to repel the Ukrainian counter-offensive, reducing potential partner casualties.

Hold

In COIN, hold is a defensive-oriented task to secure the populace and separate them from the insurgents. During the hold phase, U.S. forces need to establish a firm and persistent government presence and control over the assigned area. It is preferable to establish a governance apparatus that replaces the insurgent’s apparatus. Concerning consolidating gains, it is during this phase where U.S. advisors conduct SFA developmental activities, such as organize, train, equip, build, and advise (OTEBA) security forces. While LSCO continues, advisor teams may remain in the corps or division rear area to develop capabilities and build greater capacity in the security forces and their institutions.

To this end, the U.S. effort to assist Ukraine during the hold phase was through security assistance, which encompassed formal training and equipping Ukrainian security forces, but on a grander scale, which included developing greater capacity in Ukrainian defense institutions. For example, from 2015 to 2021, the United States manned a training and advising mission in Ukraine located at the Joint Multinational Training Group–Ukraine (JMTG–U) in Yavoriv. JMTG-U focused on the defense and security training of Ukrainian security forces at the echelons of brigade and below. Because of JMTG-U’s mission, some analysts speculated Ukrainian forces had the resources to develop sufficient warfighting capabilities, and, equipped with the latest military gear, were able to provide a sustained defense against the Russians when they invaded in early 2022.

In LSCO, like COIN, hold remains a defensive-oriented task. Three days following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, on 25 February 2022, Russian forces launched a massive attack to capture Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital. Yet, Russian offensive efforts stalled, along with their 40-mile-long logistics convoy that was, then, about 24 miles from Kyiv. This allowed the Ukrainians to fortify much of Kyiv, even arming civilians with more than 25,000 assault rifles and approximately 10 million bullets.[6] Russian forces made little gains capturing Kyiv during their offensive and eventually withdrew, without admitting defeat. Ukrainian forces conducted a few counteroffensives, as part of the hold, to repel Russians from suburban areas in Kyiv.

In this example, and as another hypothetical, had U.S. advisor teams partnered with Ukrainian security forces to defend Kyiv, not only would the support and liaise function facilitate more accurate counterfires from Ukrainian artillery, but it would also facilitate a more accurate common operational picture of the Russian order of battle to be shared with other interested allies and partners. Finally, as the hold becomes permanent, U.S. advisors could enable further OTEBA activities in recruiting, training, and equipping local security forces in Kyiv to build on the consolidation of gains.

Build

In COIN, build is a stability-oriented task to restore essential services, restore civil control, provide support to infrastructure and economic development, and, in a continuation from the hold phase, build on the capability and capacity of the security forces. During the build phase, the emphasis is on stability activities in an assigned area. It is also during this phase when messaging the populace about security force legitimacy should be the strongest. Stated differently, if the populace does not believe their security forces can protect them from insurgent intimidation, coercion, or reprisals, the populace may not overtly support the local security force.

In LSCO, like COIN, build remains a stability-oriented task and is arguably the longest phase most associated with reconstruction, development, and governance. In SFA terms, the build phase is where most of OTEBA occurs and is usually in safe areas identified by security forces for the reconstitution of security forces. Although not exclusively support or liaise, as it has been in clear and hold, build is immensely an advise and assist function for U.S. advisor teams and their partner forces.

CONCLUSION

Although Carl von Clausewitz is famous for his observation that war is a continuation of policy by other means, he also states the defense is intrinsically stronger in war than the offense because the offense requires overcoming resistance and is constrained by limitations, such as the culminating point where seizing key terrain becomes too costly to clear and hold.[7] This is an applicable observation for the ongoing war in Ukraine, where offensive and defensive exchanges between Ukrainian and Russian military forces are ubiquitous, especially in the cities. Stated differently, although the fighting in Ukraine is fluid, held areas can become contested again, which is why it is important to understand the clear, hold, build construct is not always a linear sequence, as some phases may overlap.

The defense, where the hold phase occurs, is also where units begin to consolidate their gains. In COIN, the center of gravity is the population, but in LSCO the center of gravity is focused on the enemy. The tactical defeat of an enemy, however, does not necessarily translate into a victory for the United States and their partner forces. Ensuring enemies cannot transition a conventional military defeat into a protracted irregular conflict is not only a foundation for achieving victory, it is the very essence of why the rapid consolidations of gains in rear areas is so very important during LSCO and why supporting and liaising with local security forces matter during the clear, hold, and build phases.

By Robert Schafer, Center for Army Lessons Learned

[1] Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 3-0, Operations, 21 March 2025, page 1.

[2] Joint Publication (JP) 3-24, Counterinsurgency, 30 April 2021, page III-1.

[3] ADP 3-0, Operations (21 March 2025), page 4.

[4] Field Manual (FM) 3-0, Operations, 21 March 2025, page 16.

[5] Kim, Lucian. “How U.S. Military Aid Has Helped Ukraine Since 2014.” National Public Radio. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2025. https://www.npr.org/2019/12/18/788874844/how-u-s-military-aid-has-helped-ukraine-since-2014.

[6] Khurshudyan, Isabelle; O’Grady, Siobhán; Morris, Loveday. “‘Weapons to anyone’: Across Ukraine, militias form as Russian forces near.” The Washington Post. 26 February 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

[7] Michael Howard and Peter Paret, Clausewitz: On War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989), 358. In Book VI, Chapter 26, Clausewitz notes it is far from certain the defensive is always the stronger form of warfare, but it is the more advantageous to adopt because it presents more conditions favorable to its success. Clausewitz further observes the defensive is a more elementary form of warfare, and therefore more readily mastered. Clausewitz was a contemporary of Sir Arthur Wellesby, 1st Duke of Wellington, and most likely drew his conclusions on defense from Wellesby’ s successful defense of key terrain over Napoleon’s offensive charge of infantry and calvary near the village of Waterloo on 18 June 1815.

Download the article in PDF here: No. 25-1018, Advising the Other Side of the COIN II [PDF – 9.4 MB]

Posted in Army, Guest Post, Profession of Arms | 3 Comments »

Army Aviation Leader Urges Branch to Embrace Change

Saturday, May 31st, 2025

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Army Aviation is undergoing a significant overhaul in training and culture, a transformation described by Army Aviation Center of Excellence Commanding General Maj. Gen. Clair Gill as a “full scale change” during his address to the Army Aviation Association of America Summit opening ceremony on May 14, 2025, in Nashville. He emphasized the need for rapid transformation in the face of a rapidly shifting global landscape.

Gill stressed the core mission of Army Aviation: to support the Army and the nation. He quoted retired Gen. Eric Shinseki, former chief of staff of the U.S. Army, stating, “If you don’t like change, you’re going to like irrelevance even less,” and urged attendees to focus on providing capabilities to “see, sense, strike, move and extend the battlefield.”

A key component of this transformation, Gill explained, is the integration of unmanned aerial systems. He emphasized the Army’s intention to augment, not replace, manned aviation with UAS, stating, “I don’t want to be standing there when the music stops and not have a chair.” He outlined a plan for the aviation branch to lead this effort, focusing on aviation-specific expertise like airspace integration while allowing for broader operation of UAS by other specialties through universal control systems. The Army is currently determining the appropriate balance between training dedicated UAS operators versus enabling all soldiers to operate smaller UAS platforms.

Gill detailed how future combat teams are projected to include 500-700 UAS, a domain previously solely occupied by manned aircraft. He highlighted the challenges this presents for managing airspace, particularly coordinating with the Air Force, with a planned meeting scheduled later this month to address these issues. He envisions a future where UAS operations are automatically deconflicted through network integration, similar to how consumer quadcopters are prevented from flying in restricted airspace.

“I want the same thing for a UAS operator out there in a brigade combat team,” Gill said. “He pops down his tac device, and he gets ready to fly and he finds out that he’s underneath an active corridor, and it’ll just say, ‘you can’t fly here’.”

Regarding UAS personnel, Gill highlighted the divestment of the Shadow UAS system and the subsequent shift in training for 15E, Shadow mechanics and 15W, Shadow operators MOS to become tactical UAS operators, proficient in operating systems like small UAS, first-person view drones and utilizing additive manufacturing for parts production. 150U officers will become tactical UAS integrators, focusing on system acquisition, employment, lifecycle management, spectrum management, electronic warfare and airspace integration. He also noted UAS platoons are now training alongside infantry, operating from field positions rather than from protected shelters, signifying a shift towards a more integrated battlefield role.

He also discussed ongoing efforts to integrate position location information transmitters on aircraft — both manned and unmanned — allowing them to communicate their location and priority to other aircraft, enhancing situational awareness and safety.

Gill also highlighted the importance of the Aviation Tactics Instructor Course, emphasizing the need for instructor pilots, as lead trainers, to understand the operating environment and prepare young warfighters for the realities of modern combat, where traditional flight pattern work offers minimal survivability on the future battlefield. He underscored the importance of training units to operate effectively in challenging environments, even with legacy platforms like the Black Hawk helicopter.

Another component of the modernization effort focuses on addressing a perceived gap in pilot skillsets. Gill noted feedback indicating that many recent graduates are proficient system operators but lack fundamental flying proficiency.

“They’re great system operators, they don’t know how to fly the aircraft,” he said, adding the Army is re-evaluating its current training methods and platforms to ensure they effectively prepare aviators.

To address this, the Army is experimenting with innovative training methods, including augmented and virtual reality, plot-based learning models and a new pilot program. The pilot program involves a total of 48 students; two classes of eight students each have started. Pilot program students will earn FAA private pilot certifications, with a critical emphasis on solo flight — independent, unpartnered time in the cockpit. Gill believes this will foster maturity and produce a higher quality aviator.

“They’re going to be solo, solo in there,” he stated. “I think in terms of the maturity and development of somebody that’s going to be an aviator, it’s going to produce a tremendously better product that we deliver to the Army when they get to their first operational unit.”

Gill also stressed the importance of reinforcing a strong “warfighter culture” within Army Aviation, emphasizing the need for a mission-focused mindset across all roles, from maintainers to flight operations. He invoked the sentiment of former Army leader Lt. Gen. Walt Piatt, who noted that “every day in Army Aviation is a live fire event,” highlighting the constant operational tempo, in harsh conditions, and the need for training in austere environments.

Looking ahead, Gill discussed the integration of unmanned systems, anticipating launched effects in every division next year. He envisions a future where unmanned platforms handle certain tasks, allowing human pilots to focus on missions requiring deliberate human control.

“We’re not going to stop the flight school. We’re going to be flying aircraft for quite some time, but I do think that there are certain things that we can offload to unmanned things that we can focus where we want humans in the loop more deliberately,” Gill said.

Ultimately, Gill stated the Army Aviation branch aims to proactively deliver the capabilities demanded by commanders, rather than simply responding to requests. He concluded by emphasizing the branch’s readiness to meet future challenges.

“When the phone rings, we’ve got to be ready to meet tomorrow’s challenges today,” he said.

By Leslie Herlick, Fort Novosel Public Affairs

Posted in Army, Aviation, Guest Post | Comments Off on Army Aviation Leader Urges Branch to Embrace Change

US Army Publishes ATP 3-01.81, Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System (C-UAS) Operations

Friday, May 30th, 2025

The US Army has just published ATP 3-01.81, Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System (C-UAS) Operations (MAY25).

Army Techniques Publication (ATP) 3-01.81 Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System (C-UAS) Operations provides operational considerations for defending against unmanned air threats for multi-domain operations.

This ATP offers planning and integration guidance for counter-unmanned aircraft system (C-UAS) platforms in a layered defense, along with both active and passive defense techniques for countering the unmanned aircraft system (UAS) threat in various areas of operations. This ATP also provides guidance on how to plan for, and incorporate, C-UAS Soldier tasks into unit training events.

The principal audience for ATP 3-01.81 is brigade and below commanders and staff, junior leaders, platoons, and individual squads who employ combined arms planning techniques within their operations (refer to ATP 3-01.8). Leaders in all organizations can benefit from C-UAS techniques prescribed in this publication.

Trainers and educators will also use this publication to support the development and introduction of combined arms for air defense into existing curricula. Other services and joint organizations may use this manual to gain insight into Army air and missile defense (AMD) operations for C-UAS.

Download your copy at armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/ARN43877-ATP_3-01.81-000-WEB-1.

Posted in Army, UAS | Comments Off on US Army Publishes ATP 3-01.81, Counter-Unmanned Aircraft System (C-UAS) Operations

Warfighters Put Emerging Technologies to the Test at Fort Leonard Wood

Thursday, May 29th, 2025

FORT LEONARD WOOD, Mo. — The Army Futures Command Maneuver Support Battle Lab is winding down this year’s Maneuver Support and Protection Integration eXperiments and Army Application Lab assessments, in which warfighters conducted simulated battlefield experiments with 14 emerging technologies from May 5 to 16, 2025, at locations across Fort Leonard Wood.

“Protection, though largely attributed to the Maneuver Support Center of Excellence, is everyone’s responsibility,” said Kyle Henry, MSBL Experimentation Branch chief and one of the key organizers of the event.

According to Henry, MSPIX puts the latest tools in the hands of Soldiers while also giving capability developers and the science community credible and validated operational experiment venues for their conceptual and materiel development.

“Engineers and scientists can get lost behind their computer screens and become narrow sighted within the confines of their labs. Their ideas of how something might benefit a Soldier in real world applications are often biased and skewed,” Henry said. “Bringing their capabilities — often their life’s work — out into the field with the Soldiers who may become the end-user provides a reality check for all involved.”

MSPIX participants include both government labs and private industry.

“The vast majority of technology providers are not under contract with the government and pay-to-play, meaning they bring their technology and support to us at no cost. Through coordination with Army Test and Evaluation Command and MSCoE, we can put these capabilities into the hands of Soldiers, something that is mutually beneficial, at a relatively low cost to the taxpayer,” Henry explained.

AAL’s assessments focused on robotic breaching and terrain shaping operations, while MSPIX tested several unmanned and autonomous technologies.

About 50 U.S. Army Forces Command Soldiers from Fort Leonard Wood; Fort Cavazos, Texas; Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Washington; Fort Bragg, North Carolina; Fort Carson, Colorado; and Vicenza, Italy, took part in the assessments.

Some of the experiments had Soldiers controlling unmanned drones, vehicles and boats traversing air, land and water.

Sgt. Mariano Negron, a 12C, or bridge crewmember, with the 74th Multi-Role Bridge Company at Fort Cavazos, spent much of May 13 at Training Area 250’s lake using a system that allowed him to control a bridge erection boat, commonly called a BEB, from a handheld controller.

He said he regularly uses BEBs to build bridges, but not with a remote control.

“I am used to using handheld controllers to play games and it is similar to that. I picked it up easily. It’s like driving a remote-controlled car,” Negron said.

The system can be fitted to existing vessels already in the Army’s inventory to facilitate remote control or autonomous operation.

“We could use this to build bridges without having Soldiers enter the water,” Negron said. “If we needed to remain covered but also needed to bridge a gap to transport troops or cargo we could with this technology.”

Negron said it felt good to be able to provide guidance to the system’s creators.

“We operate these boats all the time. We know how to make these boats do what we need them to do to complete our mission. I have been able to give them feedback that I hope will improve this technology if we get it someday in the future,” Negron said.

Capt. Adam Robinson, an experimentation officer with the Maneuver Support Capability Development Integration Directorate of AFC at Fort Leonard Wood, supervised the testing of seven technologies at Training Area 401.

“We are running platoon style lanes to test the remote breaching and terrain shaping capabilities of these technologies,” Robinson said. “We are giving a platoon leader, a platoon sergeant and a section of combat engineers a mission to complete with these new technologies and watching how they use the technology to execute.”

Robinson said he was impressed by watching how the Soldiers operated a robotically controlled utility terrain vehicle.

“The way it can move and track is pretty impressive,” Robinson said. “The engineers are using them to shape terrain, but as a MP, I would use it for surveillance or resupply. It has a variety of applications.”

Other technologies assessed the capabilities of autonomous track loaders for dig, dump and fill operations; autonomous biological critical area disinfection; a mobile sensing system designed to detect the movement of targets and provide visual imaging; equipment delivering a broad-spectrum electromagnetic pulse during breaching operations; and bioreporters created to detect nerve agents for standoff chemical threat detection.

By Melissa Buckley, Fort Leonard Wood Public Affairs Office

Posted in Army, Guest Post, Robotics | Comments Off on Warfighters Put Emerging Technologies to the Test at Fort Leonard Wood

Hegseth Announces Pay Raise for Army Paratroopers

Saturday, May 24th, 2025

FORT BRAGG, N.C. — Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced a pay raise for Army paratroopers today during remarks to current and former members of the 82nd Airborne Division at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.

Hegseth made the announcement during the 82nd’s All American Week, a four-day event that brings past and present paratroopers together to celebrate their service through competitions and camaraderie.

“I’ve got a bit of an announcement today that might be of interest to this community,” Hegseth said to the formation of Soldiers.

“For the first time in [decades], here [as] the secretary of defense, through the secretary of the Army, we are increasing jump pay,” Hegseth said, eliciting an enthusiastic response from the crowd.

Hazardous duty incentive pay — commonly referred to as “jump pay” — is set to increase from $150 per month to $200 for rank-and-file paratroopers.

Additionally, Hegseth added, jumpmasters — the senior paratroopers responsible for training and teaching the techniques for jumping from aircraft — will receive an additional $150 per month on top of the $150 in HDIP they already earn.

“Here’s to our paratroopers, our jumpmasters, who do the difficult things in difficult places that most Americans can never imagine,” Hegseth said following the announcement.

He emphasized that service members remain central to decision-making at the Pentagon.

“I want you to know [that] inside the corridors of the Pentagon, you are on our minds — with the decisions we make in budgets, in planning, in deployments, in orders [and] in reorganizations,” he said.” We have you and your families in mind.”

Hegseth then spoke about rebuilding the military and reestablishing deterrence — two of his top three priorities, along with restoring the warrior ethos, as outlined in his Jan. 25, 2025, message to the force.

“President [Donald J.] Trump is committed to historic investments inside our formations,” Hegseth said. “Our promise to you is that when the 82nd Airborne is deployed — if we have to call 911 for America’s response force — you will be equipped better than any other fighting force in the world.”

He added that under the current administration, the 82nd Airborne will always maintain a superior advantage in battle.

“That’s my promise to you,” he said.

On deterrence, Hegseth said the department is focused on restoring “peace through strength.”

“When I look out at this formation, the eyes of the men and women and these flags, I see the eyes of deterrence; I see the eyes of American strength; I see the eyes that will deter the wars that we don’t want to fight,” he said. “Those who long for peace must prepare for war.”

Hegseth closed his remarks by expressing gratitude to the division’s troops, veterans and their families in attendance.

“Like those who came before you, you keep showing the world the stuff you’re made of,” Hegseth said.

“Because we know you are ready for the important work that lies ahead.”

– Matthew Olay, DOD News

Posted in Army, Guest Post, Parachuting, Profession of Arms | 4 Comments »

Unique Army Unit Shares Lessons Learned on How Army Can Become More Mobile, Lethal

Thursday, May 22nd, 2025

WASHINGTON — The Army’s 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, shared insights gained from its nine-month European rotational deployment as the Army’s only Transformation in Contact 1.0 unit in an active theater during a media roundtable May 5, 2025, at the Pentagon.

The brigade is one of three brigades with an initiative to integrate technological advancements into equipment and force structure.

Unique to the Soldiers’ experience was that they were the first Army brigade to “transform in contact” while forward deployed. Transforming in Contact, or TiC, is how the Army is adapting its organization and delivering new technologies into the hands of Soldiers so they can experiment, innovate and be ready to fight on a modern battlefield. It accelerates fielding of necessary capabilities and leverages commercial off-the-shelf products to get new capabilities to the force fast.

Col. Josh Glonek, commander of the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, said when their deployment began nine months ago along NATO’s eastern flank from the Baltics to the Black Sea region, the Army asked them to do two things: become more mobile and more lethal.

Lessons learned

The unique brigade applied lessons learned from the war in Ukraine to advance Army efforts in unmanned aerial systems employment, electronic warfare, ground mobility, deception, command and control, survivability and more.

The brigade operated in challenging terrain in complex environments, during winter conditions, Glonek said during Combined Resolve 25-01 at the Joint Multinational Readiness Center in Germany.

“The difficult terrain and weather tested equipment and Soldiers, leading to crucial adjustments in tactics,” he said. “The European weather — cloud cover, fog, icing — presented significant challenges to drone operations. We need to develop technologies and tactics that can operate effectively in these conditions.”

Although the terrain and weather were difficult, he said the Soldiers proved their resiliency.

“Our Soldiers are proving that they can adapt and overcome, even in the most demanding environments,” Glonek said.

The colonel said the unique brigade also successfully fielded new equipment across five NATO countries.

“The 3/10 has been at the forefront of integrating cutting-edge technologies like advanced drones (Skydio, Vector, Darkhive), new vehicles such as Infantry Squad Vehicles, or ISVs, and networked communication systems. This isn’t just about having new gear. It’s about how we’re using it to enhance our capabilities.”

Glonek said the integration of Infantry Squad Vehicles, unmanned systems — including lethal drones — and redesigned Strike Companies has increased the brigade’s ability to maneuver quickly, find the enemy, and deliver decisive firepower. He said ISVs and Soldier Mounted Equipment Transports significantly improved the light infantry’s mobility, reducing their reliance on traditional support units.

Ninety percent of the brigade-initiated fire missions were observed by the UAS, significantly increasing accuracy and reducing risk to Soldiers, he said. The integration of Strike Companies, equipped with scouts, mortars and unmanned systems proved effective in finding, fixing and locating enemy forces.

“Through this, we’ve learned the importance of maintaining dedicated reconnaissance,” Glonek said.

Lethality, readiness

Glonek said the brigade combat team is modernizing their equipment and their approach to warfare to increase their lethality and readiness, so they can answer the call anywhere at any time.

“The 3/10 was specifically designed to rapidly integrate new technologies and adapt our organizational structures,” he said. “We’re now delivering those lessons learned — practical, actionable insights — to the entire Army.”

He said they incorporated discoveries from their European rotation to test and improve their C2 configuration, invest in innovations, and implement emerging technology with brigades to make them more lethal in multi-domain operations.

“The lessons learned by the 3/10 are shaping the future of the Army,” Glonek said. “We are prioritizing electronic warfare, investing in drone capabilities, and ensuring our Soldiers are equipped with the skills and technology they need to win on the modern battlefield.”

Transformation, interoperability

The brigade fielded lightweight alternatives and introduced drones, unmanned aerial systems equipment, electronic warfare and mobile infantry vehicles to adapt to the changing modern warfare environment.

It integrated multiple TiC systems and capabilities across the European theater. By emphasizing these TiC capabilities, integrating NATO Allied Forces and partner nations, Patriot Soldiers validated the Army’s ability to command and control U.S. and NATO ground forces in a large-scale combat operational environment, Glonek said.

The brigade integrated multiple TiC systems and capabilities across the European theater. They operated in a real-world environment, 90 miles from Ukraine, and in an exercise that involved nearly 4,000 participants from multiple nations.

“This provided invaluable insights unavailable in training exercises,” he said. “We worked side-by-side with our NATO allies, sharing technology and learning from their experiences. It reinforced the importance of interoperability and collective defense.”

As a TiC unit, the Soldiers were prioritized to receive the newest warfighting capabilities, including more than 150 unmanned aerial systems and upgraded communications equipment.

– Shannon Collins, Army News Service

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Project Manager Soldier Lethality Announces Type Classification Approval for Next Generation Squad Weapons (NGSW)

Wednesday, May 21st, 2025

PICATINNY ARSENAL, NJ – Project Manager Soldier Lethality (PM SL) announced today the official Type Classification – Standard (TC-STD) of the U.S. Army’s M7 Rifle and M250 Automatic Rifle, signifying a major program milestone.

Following a full and open competition, including technical testing and Soldier touch points, a 10-year production contract was awarded to SIG SAUER in April 2022 to produce the M7 Rifle and M250 Automatic Rifle.

The M7 Rifle and M250 Automatic Rifle are currently being fielded across the Close Combat Force (CCB) to replace the M4A1 Carbine and M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) respectively. The Type Classification confirms the system meets the Army’s stringent standards for operational performance, safety, and sustainment.

“This milestone reflects our commitment to delivering cutting-edge capabilities that give our Soldiers the tactical advantage and lethality required on the battlefield,” said Col. Jason Bohannon, Project Manager Soldier Lethality. “We remain focused on equipping our force with the most reliable and effective tools to ensure mission success.”

PM SL continues to lead the way in modernizing the Army’s combat effectiveness and lethality through innovative, Soldier-focused solutions.

– PEO Soldier

Posted in Army, Press Release, weapons | 9 Comments »

RIA-JMTC Leads the Charge in 3D-Printed Drone Production, Uniting the Organic Industrial Base for Future Warfare

Wednesday, May 21st, 2025

ROCK ISLAND ARSENAL, Ill. – As the conflict in Ukraine has demonstrated, the battlefield of the future will be defined by the innovative and widespread use of unmanned aerial systems, and the ability to rapidly produce and deploy these systems at scale will be crucial to maintaining a tactical advantage in future conflicts.

“The U.S. Army recognizes the changing dynamics of warfare and is fully committed to staying ahead of the curve,” said Col. David Guida, commander of Rock Island Arsenal-Joint Manufacturing and Technology Center. “We are investing heavily in our Organic Industrial Base, harnessing its agility and innovation to develop and field advanced capabilities like these 3D-printed drones. At RIA-JMTC, our unique blend of cutting-edge technology and skilled artisans is leading the charge in this critical effort to shape the future of warfare.”

Through initiatives like Transforming in Contact, the Army is fielding new technologies and transforming how it develops, tests and integrates those technologies onto the battlefield. TiC prioritizes addressing immediate needs by enabling “in-contact experimentation”—putting cutting-edge technology directly into the hands of Soldiers and empowering them to innovate and adapt in real-world scenarios. This approach fosters a culture of calculated risk-taking and rapid Soldier feedback, ensuring that solutions are not only technologically advanced but also practical and effective on the modern battlefield. By focusing on near-term solutions and integrating emerging technologies, TiC enables Army units to rapidly test organizational changes and stay ahead of our adversaries, ensuring they are ready to fight and win in an increasingly complex and challenging operational environment. RIA-JMTC is partnering with multiple units in the field and the Combat Training Centers to share and provide technical data and lessons learned to help all improve.

This flexible and adaptive process is illustrated by the development of 3D-printed drones. RIA-JMTC is actively preparing to build the capacity for large-scale production of 3D-printed drones, working in close collaboration with other key OIB facilities, such as Tobyhanna Army Depot. This collaborative approach, harnessing the unique strengths and expertise of various OIB sites, is key to the Army’s strategy for rapidly developing and fielding advanced UAS capabilities. This directly supports TiC’s goal to accelerate the innovation and experimentation of new systems at scale to preserve our technological edge.

“This project is a testament to the enduring spirit of American ingenuity and the Army’s unwavering commitment to staying ahead of the technological curve,” said Guida. “Our team at RIA-JMTC is dedicated to producing high-quality, on-time readiness solutions for the Warfighter, constantly pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in support of those on the front lines. This 3D printed drone initiative embodies that commitment, showcasing our ability to rapidly adapt and deliver cutting-edge solutions that will directly impact the future of warfare.”

The initiative was sparked by a collaborative proof-of-concept project with the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault), which highlighted the potential of 3D printing for rapidly prototyping and producing customized tactical drones tailored to specific mission needs. This initial project served as a valuable learning experience, demonstrating the viability of RIA-JMTC’s 3D-printed drone production capabilities and revealing the power of collaboration within the OIB.

“The history of the 101st Airborne Division is a testament to the courage, ingenuity and unwavering spirit of the American Soldier,” said Maj. Gen. Brett Sylvia, commanding general of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault). “These 3D printed drones are the latest of many exciting emerging technologies we are implementing under our continuous and iterative TiC. They are the beginning of a user-driven, division-enabled force multiplier that will empower our Screaming Eagles to write the next chapter in the evolution of vertical envelopment.”

Building on these initial successes, RIA-JMTC produced smaller drones from the 2nd Calvery Regiment with less pieces to again showcase its rapid production capabilities. The factory is now focused on preparing for full-scale production to meet the Army’s broader and rapidly expanding UAS needs. The factory is actively researching and evaluating various drone designs to ensure they are prepared when the Army provides the requirements. This research involves close collaboration with other experts within the OIB’s research and development community to identify designs that offer the optimal balance of capability, adaptability and cost-effectiveness.

“The OIB must support current unit readiness across the force, maintain the ability to surge and modernize and retool to sustain the next generation of equipment,” asserted Greg Lupton, RIA-JMTC deputy commander. “This project, demonstrating how Arsenals like RIA-JMTC directly respond to urgent Warfighter needs, highlights this critical role. By manufacturing and fabricating vital components and systems, Arsenals ensure our Soldiers have the utmost confidence in their equipment and are prepared to face any challenge on the battlefield.”

This collaborative approach is exemplified by RIA-JMTC’s partnership with Tobyhanna Army Depot, the Army’s Center of Industrial and Technical Excellence for Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) and Electronics, Avionics, and Missile Guidance and Control, and the Air Force Technology Repair Center for Tactical Missiles, Rigid Wall Shelters and Portable Buildings. Tobyhanna brings unparalleled expertise to the project, and their artisans will install the sophisticated electronics, sensors and mission-critical internal systems that will bring the drones to life, leveraging their deep experience in C5ISR, avionics and missile guidance systems.

“This partnership with RIA-JMTC leverages Tobyhanna’s core strengths as the Department of Defense’s leading provider of C5ISR readiness for the joint Warfighter,” said Col. James L. Crocker, Tobyhanna’s commander. “Our skilled workforce and state-of-the-art facilities are prepared to equip 3D printed drones with the advanced technological capabilities they need to provide a decisive edge on the battlefield.”

In addition to this ongoing research and development effort, RIA-JMTC is working to compile Technical Data Packages from the Army, which will help define the specific types and quantities of drones required to meet the demands of the future battlefield. This TDP will provide the critical specifications and requirements that will guide the final stages of production planning and ensure that the drones produced by RIA-JMTC are precisely tailored to meet the needs of the Warfighter.

“This project is about investing in the future of the Army and ensuring that our Soldiers have the tools they need to succeed in any mission, on any battlefield,” said Guida. “We are not just building drones; we are building the future of Army readiness.”

RIA-JMTC, in close coordination with Tobyhanna and other key OIB partners, is working to be fully prepared to rapidly produce and deliver these critical assets to the Warfighter. This agile and collaborative approach ensures that the Army can rapidly adapt to evolving threats and maintain its technological edge on the dynamic battlefields of the future.

“This is about more than just drones,” Lupton added. “This is about the Army’s commitment to leveraging the full potential of the OIB to maintain its technological edge in an era of rapidly evolving threats. The partnerships we are forging today will be essential to ensuring our nation’s security for decades to come.”

By Kendall Swank

Posted in Additive Manufacturing, Army, Guest Post, UAS | 2 Comments »