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Army Mad Scientist Initiative Advances Goal to Assess, Analyze the Operational Environment

Monday, December 30th, 2024

JOINT BASE LANGLEY-EUSTIS, Va. — Next year, the U.S. Army Mad Scientist Initiative will continue in their efforts to explore the operational environment and collaborate and form partnerships with government and industry organizations and academic universities. This was recently carried out during their in-person, unclassified conference, “Game On! Wargaming and the Operational Environment,” in partnership with the Georgetown University Wargaming Society last month and will be a focus in 2025.

More than 150 wargame experts across the military, academic, commercial and hobbyist communities attended the conference, which endeavored to explore trends in wargaming. Topics included how wargames can address unconventional and neglected aspects of the operational environment, how wargaming can provide experiential learning for professional military education and how technology is enhancing wargaming.

Lee Grubbs, Mad Scientist director, opened the conference by highlighting the benefits of wargaming to maintain a trained and ready force at every echelon.

“[Wargaming] is a method of learning that the Army should consider driving down into all kinds of different learning domains,” he stated. “We decided to hold this conference to start the drumbeat of how we can drive all different types of gaming, at all different types of clearance levels, against all different types of operational conditions across all Army learning domains.”

Ian Sullivan, TRADOC deputy chief of staff for intelligence, followed by emphasizing the significance of learning from various types of wargames and wargaming communities.

“I have been playing wargames since the fourth grade,” he shared. “Playing [wargames] as a kid I think prepared me to do the job that I do today in ways that I couldn’t imagine at the time. It gave me an understanding, even perhaps in a simple way, about some important ideas about warfare.”

One major focus of the conference was to gather a multitude of wargaming communities to share experiences and lessons learned. Connecting different communities that the Army might not normally get to engage with will also be a priority at the various events in 2025.

“We’re bringing together folks who do this for DOD, hobby wargamers and folks who design wargames, both for DOD and hobby wargames,” Sullivan shared. “This led to a great effort to get a crowdsourced look at wargaming.”

Sebastian Bae, senior game designer and research scientist for the Center for Naval Analyses and Adjunct Assistant Advisor with Georgetown University, also shared his thoughts on how the military could work in partnership with commercial and hobbyist gamers and games.

“This conference — this panel — is a reflection of a [wider] trend, in terms of the merger of hobby gaming and professional gaming, as much as the increased frequency in which we intersect, reinforce and support each other,” he described. “I’ve always been a proponent for in-the-box educational games to build an ecosystem of games, because I think that’s how you get the most hands and minds working at the problem.”

The two main conference themes included the evolution and integration of wargaming, and emerging technology enablers. Wargaming literacy helps achieve experiential learning, enabling practitioners to explore new concepts and promote understanding. Along with professional wargaming, hobbyist and commercial wargaming is increasingly addressing joint and interagency operations and is used in PME to build wargaming literacy throughout the force. Additionally, while the operational environment changes, new aspects of the OE must be integrated into wargaming, such as civilian harm mitigation and response, weather, and space and cyber capabilities or operations.

In 2025, the Mad Scientist Team is planning to hold more events just like this one to include a writing contest focused on the idea of great power competition and conflict to crowdsource ideas about how current conflicts are shaping how the Army may need to fight in 2034. Additionally, contributors can assess what role the U.S. can play in countering adversary influence in the global south, and how the U.S. can counter authoritarian collusion in the Arctic and China’s growing presence in the Antarctic.

The insights gleaned from this crowdsourcing event will feed directly into the next unclassified in-person conference in the fall of 2025 where the Mad Scientist team and subject matter experts will further explore topics with a leading research institution.

Check out the Mad Scientist Laboratory website for a complete review of conference highlights, discussions, and a full conference report to be published in early 2025.

Videos of each presentation and panel can be found at the Mad Scientist All Partners Access Network site.

By Raechel Melling, TRADOC G-2

Special Operations Chief Details Irregular Warfare Place in Defense Strategy

Friday, December 27th, 2024

Special operations forces have been crucial in U.S. counterterrorism efforts, but they also have a place in what is also known as a great power competition, said Chris Maier, the assistant secretary of defense for special operations and low-intensity conflict.

Maier spoke at the Center for a New American Security, yesterday and highlighted the various roles special operations forces play in competitions with China and Russia.

He said special operations forces work in the context of a whole-of-government approach, but they can play a major part in those efforts. “We are, particularly as we look at some of our special operations enterprise, in a lot of different places,” he said. This gives special operators a chance to reassure allies and partners and also a chance to give a heads-up when they see things going amiss.  

Special operations forces are nimble, they have a culture of innovation, and that fits in with great power competition.

It wasn’t always that way.

Maier said that irregular warfare was covered in an annex to the 2018 National Defense Strategy. “For those of you who have been in the federal government, you know what annex means — it was an afterthought. It didn’t make the main show,” he said.

In the 2022 iteration of the strategy, irregular warfare was integrated into the main strategy. “It’s really a key part of integrated deterrence,” he said. Asymmetric and nonconventional operations are side by side with the conventional aspects of the strategy, he said.

“I think an indication of the road we still have to travel is the number of synonyms we use to describe this space,” he said. “It may be irregular, it may be unconventional, it may be hybrid, it may be gray zone, it may be asymmetric. These are all sort of variations on a theme.”

The myriad of names shows that there is some confusion about the dividing line between conventional and unconventional warfare and forces. Whatever it is called, it has a place at the table, Maier said.

“As a department, we think about fighting large scale combat operations,” he said. “And much of the early years of the 2022 [National Defense Strategy] were focused on that. The progress I think we’ve made in recent years is in expanding that aperture to really look at the aspects of competition and crisis as part of warfighting challenges.” 

Maier said the reason the strategy defines China as the pacing challenge “is because they have such a range of tools and considerable leverage that they can draw on. So, it is rare [the Chinese] operate … exclusively in kind of the gray zone or the regular space.” 

There are conventional aspects to their operations. They engage in hybrid operations. The Chinese use the diplomatic Belt and Road Initiative as a part of their security strategy.

The U.S. strategy is evolving to ensure deterrence across all domains and in all theaters.

“At the end of the day, this is about deterrence,” he said. Taiwan is a flashpoint, and the United States stands by all the understandings with China and the Taiwan Defense Act. Essentially, this boils down to no country changes the status quo by force. “I think we’re carefully calibrating what we’re doing at any given time to as much as possible, establish that deterrence, dissuade from a military operation into Taiwan.”

The other flashpoint with China is their excessive claims in the South and West China Seas. China has their own irregular warfare arm of maritime militias challenging other countries in the region — most notably the Philippines. The Chinese maritime militias are not a conventional military force, but they have “a lot of ability to compel and coerce,” Maier said.

The partnerships with the Philippines and others in the region are important to the United States in putting Chinese actions on the record. “At the end of the day, a lot of this type of activity is dissuaded with the ability to put it in the open,” he said. “If it’s allowed to exist in the shadows, it’s going to continue and the coercive effects will be felt.”

By Jim Garamone, DOD News

Adversarial Convergence Raises Alarm, Warns USSOCOM Commander at Reagan Defense Forum

Wednesday, December 18th, 2024

WASHINGTON — U.S. Army Gen. Bryan P. Fenton, commander of U.S. Special Operations Command, highlighted the cooperation among adversarial nations and nonstate actors, and called for decisive action in the face of increasing complex global security threats at the Reagan National Defense Forum in Simi Valley, California on Saturday, Dec. 7, 2024.

Fenton detailed how partnerships between Russia, Iran, North Korea and China are reshaping the international security landscape — specifically with regard to the present conflict in Ukraine. Fenton explained how these alliances provide adversaries with a dangerous synergy. “This is not just Russia fighting Ukraine,” Fenton said. “It’s Russia, backed by Iranian drones, North Korean personnel and indirect Chinese contributions.”

The general cited Iran’s transfer of “material solutions” — like its Shahed 136 drones and Fath 360 ballistic missiles — to Russia as a prime example. The Fath 360 missiles, which can strike targets up to 75 miles away, enhance Russia’s ability to sustain its war effort while preserving its long-range arsenal.

Fenton’s example echoed similar concerns voiced by the Defense Department in recent months. In October, Pentagon Press Secretary Air Force Maj. Gen. Pat Ryder confirmed that Iran has trained Russian personnel to operate its munitions, solidifying the growing military ties between the two nations.

“The concerning aspect of this,” Ryder said, “is the developing relationship between Russia and Iran. It’s reasonable to expect that this missile delivery will not be a one-time event.” He continued, noting that Russia’s partnerships with nations like Iran and North Korea often involve exchanges of intelligence and technology, further deepening their strategic alignment.

North Korea’s increasing role in the conflict adds another dimension to this adversarial convergence. During a Nov. 4 press briefing, Ryder reported that more than 12,000 North Korean troops deployed to Russia’s Kursk Oblast, to train in combat tactics alongside Russian forces. These troops replaced Russian personnel depleted by heavy casualties in Ukraine.

Fenton expanded on the implications of these alliances, stressing that the convergence of state and nonstate actors represents a fundamental shift in the character of warfare. He noted that Ukraine’s innovative use of drones and artificial intelligence to counter these threats represents a “revolutionary” approach worth emulating. The general urged the department to scale similar technologies, emphasizing the need for affordable and scalable solutions.

“We need tools that impose costs on adversaries without draining our resources,” Fenton said, pointing to Ukraine’s production of millions of drones as a model for how smaller systems can effectively challenge larger forces.

Fenton also called for stronger collaboration between the military and private industry. He praised Socom’s ability to quickly adapt to battlefield needs through partnerships with defense companies but emphasized the need to expand these efforts across the department. “Our modernization priorities must be clear, and we need to bring industry closer to the problem,” he said.

Despite these challenges, the general expressed optimism in America’s ability to counter these emerging threats through its own global partnerships. He highlighted multinational military exercises like the Rim of the Pacific Exercise, which integrates allied forces to enhance readiness and interoperability. “Our allies bring unique capabilities that, combined with ours, create a powerful force multiplier,” he noted.

In his closing remarks, Fenton urged policymakers to adopt a whole-of-nation approach to security. He emphasized the importance of innovation, bipartisan support and public understanding of the threats posed by adversarial blocs. “We’re in a decisive decade,” he said. “The convergence of threats demands a convergence of our own capabilities.”

MAJ Wes Shinego

First Air Force Warrant Officers Graduate, Prepare to Enter Force

Sunday, December 15th, 2024

ARLINGTON, Va. (AFNS) —  

The first 30 Air Force warrant officers graduated from the U.S. Air Force Warrant Officer Training School on Dec. 6, 2024, since the service reintroduced the corps earlier this year.

The reinstatement of Air Force warrant officers aims to address critical operational needs faced by the force today while maintaining and leveraging the unique expertise and capabilities of warrant officers as a strategic advantage during an era of Great Power Competition.

“This class has come to an important milestone but the task they have before them, is even more important,” said Secretary of the Air Force Frank Kendall. “And as going on into the Air Force and establishing the value that [warrant officers] bring to our service, and I am absolutely confident that you’re going to go do that … you’re ready to go do that, the school has prepared you well, there’s going to be others behind you, but you’re going to be the first.”

Historically, warrant officers served as technical experts and advisors but were phased out in 1959 as enlisted personnel and commissioned officers absorbed many of their duties. These reinstated warrant officers will support operations in specialized domains such as cyber, intelligence, and space.

The graduates completed an eight-week training program that covered leadership development, advanced technical skills, operational integration, and mentorship. The curriculum included coursework specific to their technical fields, such as cyber operations, intelligence analysis, and space mission planning, as well as general training in problem-solving and strategic planning.

“Those skills will serve you well as you blaze a trail for all future warrant officers in the Air Force,” Maj. Nathaniel Roesler, WOTS commandant, said. “We’ll need your technical expertise, and we’ll need your leadership, your humility, and your continued dedication to excellence.”

Warrant officers are expected to bridge the gap between enlisted personnel and commissioned officers. They will mentor enlisted members, assist in implementing commanders’ directives, and contribute to mission success in increasingly specialized and complex operational environments.

“Congratulations, Airmen,” said Chief Master Sgt. of the Air Force David Flosi. “Your technical competence and commitment to serving others is a critical component of our national strategy. Our information domain is the most contested environment we operate in today – you must remain alert, agile and effective to ensure our mission success.”

As the graduates prepare to enter the force, their role in shaping the future of the Air Force is evident. This inaugural cohort will set the standard for generations of warrant officers, ensuring the Air Force remains ready to meet any challenge.

The new warrant officers are scheduled to report to their duty stations in early 2025. The next class of warrant officers is expected to graduate in March 2025.

By SSgt Emmeline James, Secretary of the Air Force Public Affairs

‘Buck Sergeant’ Training Program: 50th SFS Support Guardian, Airmen Development

Thursday, December 5th, 2024

PETERSON SPACE FORCE BASE, Colo. (AFNS) —  

Acknowledging the U.S. Space Force’s mission, structure and unique demands, Space Operations Command leadership developed the Guardian and Airmen Development Program to foster a new generation of leaders. The program equips Guardians and Airmen with the necessary skills and traits to meet the current and future demands of the Space Force.

From monthly functional cross-organizational training with other military installations to mentorship and professional development opportunities surrounding topics such as Great Power Competition, contingency operations and mission command, units under Space Base Delta 1 are wasting no time supporting the GADP campaign.

The 50th Security Forces Squadron, located at Schriever Space Force Base, is on such a path.

“[GADP] is a program started by Chief Lloyd [SpOC senior enlisted leader] to equip younger Airmen and Guardians with the knowledge that’s integral to them developing their leadership skills,” said Air Force Master Sgt. Bryan Nelson, 50th SFS operations superintendent. “We created the Buck Sergeant Training Program, which is geared towards security forces first-line supervisors, second-line supervisors and really anybody, because the information there is valuable regardless of rank.”

“We go in-depth as to what leadership looks like from a security forces standpoint — how to prioritize and execute certain tasks … These Airmen at a relatively young age can find themselves supervising five, six or seven people at one time. And it’s not uncommon, depending on where you’re stationed, for staff sergeants and technical sergeants to have 20-plus people underneath them. So, how they prioritize their time and how they execute tasks is critical to avoiding task saturation and maintaining that work-life balance.”

The term “buck sergeant” refers to a legacy USAF rank established in 1976 describing a junior ranking noncommissioned officer.

At that time, USAF leaders changed the E-2 through E-4 grade structure to establish a three-tier enlisted force structure — Airman, noncommissioned officer and senior NCO. This change included an additional E-4 rank of “Senior Airman.” For the Senior Airmen to advance to the NCO “sergeant” rank — also E-4 and often referred to as “buck sergeant,” the Airman would have to meet certain criteria, including 12 months’ time-in-grade and completion of the NCO Preparatory Course,” according to A Chronology of the Air Force Enlisted Chevrons.

While the term “buck sergeant” is colloquial, it highlights the distinction between different levels of NCO ranks and the progression within the USAF’s rank structure — marking the transition from a junior Airman to a more formal leadership role. The 50th SFS “buck sergeant” program targets young leaders taking on supervisory responsibilities and addresses a range of development topics beyond leadership and management, such as counseling, progressive discipline, writing, interpersonal communication, etc.

“Once you go to Airman Leadership School, you come out and are ready to supervise — but you’re probably not equipped 100% with all the information that you need,” said Air Force Master Sgt. Edward Wilson, 50th SFS operations and training section chief. “That’s where we come in with this Buck Sergeant Training Program. Development in each career field is different, so we specifically looked at our career field to figure out what we need to enhance. We aim to fill in gaps where information may have been lost in translation or missed. This is to make sure we have our people humming on all cylinders.”

“There’s a saying, ‘each one teach one’ … That’s honestly what we’re doing. We’re trying to make sure that the knowledge that we have, collectively, is passed on to the next generation. And our expectation for them is they don’t harbor that information, and they continue to share it with their subordinates.”

Looking ahead, program leaders aim to expand the initiative, both in scope and impact, paving the way for broader development opportunities.

“I think this program is super beneficial,” said Air Force Tech. Sgt. Eddie Jones, 50th SFS unit deployment manager. “If we can get it off the ground the way we intend, we would like to grow this program and even venture out of our career field — inviting other squadrons, other career fields to take part and share that wealth of information. I think that’ll build connections… It’s a ‘one team, one fight’ type of deal where we have these common goals, and the most effective way of getting to those goals is to train and learn together.”

To learn more about Space Base Delta 1 and the 50th SFS, visit here.

By Keefer B. Patterson

Army Mountaineering Badge Update

Wednesday, December 4th, 2024

During AUSA Sergeant Major of the Army Michael R. Weimer announced several qualification badge updates including the implementation of a Mountaineering badge to holders of Special Qualification Identifier (SQI) “E” which is awarded to graduates of the Basic Military Mountaineering Course (BMMC) a National Guard course held at Army Mountain Warfare School (AMWS) in Vermont.

For decades graduates have worn the Ram’s Head insignia. While not authorized for active duty Soldiers, National Guard troops have probably worn the badge on their uniform.

In fact, it has a long history in the Army. It was derived from the Distinctive Unit Insignia or unit crest for the 85th Infantry Regimental crest which was one of three regiments comprising the 10th Light Division (Alpine) when it was activated in July 1943. In the 1950s, the United States Army Mountain and Cold Weather Training Command at Fort Carson and Camp Hale, Colorado adopted the Ram’s Head Device as the badge worn by their cadre.

Despite this, when SMA Weimer made the announcement he stated that it would be a completely new badge and that the service would not adopt the Ram’s Head Device.

Instagram account @ovisapparel has seen artist concepts of the proposed badge and shared them online.

This is his post verbatim so as not to add or subtract from what was shared.

The Army Mountaineer Badge, an official replacement for the current Rams Head Device, is slated to be finalized this month. In October, the AMWS was asked to submit designs to the Heraldry office for use as inspiration. Initially I was told there would be ‘no animals allowed’, as the SMA appears to have a disdain for ‘goats’.

Above are three designs we created with my original artist and submitted to the Office of Heraldry. Directly after this, I heard there was strong pushback (from people with much more influence than me) on there not being a Ram involved in the conversation (shoutout).

I have been fortunate enough to see the two final designs being debated, one of which is in fact a Rams Head. I’m not comfortable sharing those quite yet, but I can say the other design is a combination of two of our sketches shown above, which is pretty rad (1 & 3). Funny enough, we just drew #3 as an undercover Ram (if it’s flipped upside down). Got ‘em.

~The AMWS was not a source for any of this information and remains unaffiliated with OVIS – this all remains as speculation until we see a Memo~

Here are the drawings:

Registration Now Open for the 2025 U.S. Army Small Arms Championships

Monday, November 18th, 2024

Soldiers from across the U.S. Army, U.S. Army Reserve, National Guard and Air National Guard are invited to attend.

Military Academy, College ROTC cadets and OCS candidates are also eligible to compete.

Soldiers will have the opportunity to learn from USAMU instructors before competing in rifle, pistol, and multi-gun matches.

Register here for this time-honored tradition.

IWC Hosts 2nd Annual Irregular Warfare Colloquium Featuring 15+ Academic Institutions

Sunday, November 10th, 2024

The Department of Defense’s Irregular Warfare Center (IWC) hosted its second annual Irregular Warfare Colloquium, which took place on Sept. 26-27, 2024, at the AMA Conference Center in Arlington, VA. This pivotal event brought together scholars and subject matter experts from more than 15 universities across the U.S. and internationally to discuss topics related to irregular warfare and research.

The Colloquium unfolded over two days, starting with a welcome address by IWC Director Dr. Dennis Walters. Through his remarks, Dr. Walters underscored the importance of innovation and stated that the upcoming generation is “the last best hope for finding a solution for irregular warfare.”

During the opening remarks, Sam Paulson, graduate student, Johns Hopkins University, was recognized by Dr. Walters for placing first in the Center’s IW Student Working Group Essay Contest. The Colloquium comprised research presentations from both junior and senior scholars, as well as working groups to provide constructive feedback.

Presenters were paired together based on their respective subject areas and provided an overview of their research. Event emcee Dr. Sandor Fabian, IWC Deputy Regional Advisor for Europe and Africa, Morgan 6 contractor, moderated the presentations and discussions. Following the in-depth presentations, audience members presented questions and presenters received feedback from other participants.

The Center selected these participants based on their quality of work and potential contributions to irregular warfare. Participants engaged in research discussions on the Center’s key topics of interest, including cyber operations, information and influence operations, resistance movements, proxy warfare, great power competition below the threshold of war, and women peace and security.

Senior scholars and subject matter experts (SMEs) were engaged with the participants throughout the Colloquium. Two senior scholars exhibited their research; Dr. Maria Papageorgiou (Newcastle University) highlighting Sino-Russian disinformation synergies, while Dr. Peter Campbell (Baylor University) presented on cyber defenses.

Dr. Papageorgiou discovered the Colloquium through the IWC Call for Papers on LinkedIn and was thrilled that her research was accepted. She continued, “I think that it is very important that there is an international output, so I was happy that they invited me to come from the UK.” Dr. Fabian gave participants an overview of the name “Irregular Warfare” and how it is conceptualized in the U.S. and abroad.

IWC SME Jake Zenn explained that a “Key benefit is that this event brings together professionals who are interested in IW and the role it plays in international affairs today.” He emphasized this further, “IW is a complex subject that can be difficult to research; the junior scholars valued and benefited from interacting with the SMEs in terms of academic and professional development. The SMEs were engaged with participants and offered guidance on how to contribute to our understanding of IW through academic publications and more.”

The Colloquium offers participants opportunities for professional development. Dr. Joshua Hastey, IWC Deputy Regional Advisor for U.S. Pacific Command and U.S. Forces Korea, Morgan 6 contractor, noted, “First and foremost, the Colloquium introduces junior scholars into a robust and active community of professionals committed to understanding complex threats and operations.” He continued, stating, “For these junior scholars, this Colloquium offers an unparalleled opportunity to contribute to cutting-edge discussions on irregular warfare while receiving direct feedback from both senior scholars and seasoned practitioners. The event fosters a collaborative space where emerging researchers can refine their ideas, expand their networks, and influence the future of IW doctrine and strategy. It’s also been a pragmatic career step for some of our alumni.”

Asher Peck was a returning Colloquium participant, and selected to present on Chinese malign influence in Paraguay. He reaffirmed Dr. Hastey’s sentiments on the Colloquium enabling academic growth. Peck said, “This is a must-attend event for any junior scholar interested in IW, as the connections made, and wisdom gained during my time here have enriched my academic and professional life.”

Along with the junior and senior scholars’ experience, participants who attended to listen to the presentations found benefits. Alessandro Brenci, a student at George Mason University, discovered the IWC through the Center’s Perspectives publications. Brenci utilized the Center’s research in his thesis on private military security companies and hybrid warfare strategies. “I knew that I wanted to be involved in this organization, so I reached out to become a part of the Student Working Group. The opportunity to attend the Colloquium, especially as an international student, is incredible.”

IWC Deputy Director and Chief of Staff, Lori Leffler, provided closing remarks, which were preceded by Dr. Hastey’s encouragement for participants to stay involved. Following the event, Leffler emphasized the need for scholar-practitioner engagement. She noted, “The second annual Colloquium is crucial for our Center.

This event is not solely an academic one, but it contributes to advancing the IWC’s mission of collaboration to build a networked IW community. The role of scholars, at any level, is imperative to the development of IW understanding and doctrine.”

A special thank you to all of the second annual IWC Colloquium presenters: Ivana Stradner, Johns Hopkins SAID; Henry Leverett and Victor Kiss, Vienna School of International Studies; Asher Peck, Regent University; Anna Given, Institute of World Politics; Jaclyn Giunta, Norwich University; Derek Ricke, University of Denver; Genna Moellering, Carnegie Melon University; Jesse Nuese, New York University; David Kong, RAND Graduate School; Lea Korb, Potsdam University; Dr. Maria Papageorgiou, Newcastle University; Dr. Peter Campbell, Baylor University.

The IWC serves as the central mechanism for developing the Department of Defense’s (DoD) irregular warfare knowledge and advancing the Department’s understanding of irregular warfare concepts and doctrine in collaboration with key allies and partners.

The Center’s foundation is built upon three Lines of Effort:

AMPLIFY and collaborate to build an innovative and adaptable global networked IW community of interest.

Strategically ILLUMINATE current and future irregular threats, crises, and obstacles.

ADDRESS current and future irregular threats to the US, allies, and partners by providing optionality to leaders.

Through these LOEs, the Irregular Warfare Center addresses current and emerging security concerns and challenges with world-class research, rigorous analysis, top-tier strategic education and training for U.S. and international partners.

Courtesy of Irregular Warfare Center