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Security Force Assistance Primer

Saturday, December 3rd, 2022

Since 2018, the Army has fielded six purpose-built security force assistance brigades (SFABs) to advise or train with vetted foreign security forces so Army brigade combat teams could focus their training and readiness to participate in large-scale combat operations.

Most of the security force assistance (SFA) planners and practitioners interviewed for this SFA primer publication agree that the authorities to conduct SFA are inconsistent with current SFA activities conducted in several countries around the world.

A general lack of understanding on how these activities are funded has led to inefficient SFAB use. This primer explores current SFA literature to determine if the doctrine is accurate, understandable, and consistent with other doctrine or if further doctrine revisions are required.

The intent of this primer is to review how the Army provides trained and ready SFA capabilities for combatant commands’ (CCMDs’) security cooperation (SC) programs and related activities coordinated through their theater armies.

The principal audience for this primer is theater army SC planners, division and brigade leaders and staffs, and Soldiers assigned or attached as advisors to brigades that execute SFA missions or echelons above brigade accomplishing the same missions.

Read Full Document:

23-02 (703)_Security Force Assistance Primer (Nov 22) (Public).pdf [PDF – 2.3 MB]

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By Center for Army Lessons Learned

US Army Completes Fielding of Short Range Reconnaissance System

Friday, December 2nd, 2022

REDSTONE ARSENAL, Ala. — The Soldier Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Product Office successfully completed fielding of the RQ-28A, Short Range Reconnaissance (SRR) system to the 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment at Fort Benning, GA, in early November.

The Skydio RQ-28A is the Army’s first program of record quadcopter. It is a new and disruptive organic capability that is fielded to the platoon echelon in the form of a portable rucksack Vertical Take Off and Lift, small, unmanned aircraft. It provides Warfighters with enhanced situational awareness and a standoff capability in urban and complex terrain, enabling accurate reconnaissance and surveillance of targets of interest. It can be used to conduct surveillance during routine combat operations.

During the new equipment fielding and new equipment training, UAS project office leaders, along with crucial personnel from the SUAS offices, traveled to Fort Benning to participate in the final day of training with the Soldiers and engage critical stakeholders.

“It’s very intuitive with great obstacle avoidance, additionally the thermal is better than expected.” Said Staff Sgt. Adam McDevitt the UAS section platoon sergeant. “I can’t wait to use this on full mission profiles to see what it can really do.”

“The SRR RQ-28A capability will provide game-changing technology to Army platoons, enhancing both Soldier lethality and survivability” said Carson L. Wakefield, product lead for Soldier Unmanned Aircraft Systems. “It is a new capability for the Army, and I am so proud of my team for delivering an innovative solution in just under three years from prototype to delivery.”

The quadcopter system weighs less than five pounds, can be carried and stowed in a transport case and is rucksack portable. It has vertical take-off and landing, hover, perch and stare capabilities. The system is hand launched and capable of being recovered within confined areas.

The Soldier UAS Product Office is scheduled to field 480 systems across the Army in 2023 with a total of 1,083 delivered during low-rate initial production systems through the second quarter of F25.

The RQ-28A is the first tranche of the SRR program and delivers a much-needed capability to Soldiers. Tranche 2 will include a prototyping effort and will include threshold requirements and multiple performance objectives.

By David Hylton

War Hero Recounts Lives Saved in Afghanistan

Wednesday, November 30th, 2022

FORT LEAVENWORTH, Kan. — Sitting inside one of the many buildings around Fort Leavenworth that belong to the Mission Command Training Program, is Sgt. Maj. Antonio Gonzalez. He an ardent believer in the Army values and by all definition, a war hero. His actions in Afghanistan in 2007 would result in the Silver Star, the third-highest award for valor in the U.S. Army.

Gonzalez grew up in Boyel Heights in East Los Angeles, an area known for drug and gang wars and also high unemployment.

“Despite what was happening where I grew up, I met some outstanding friends at Bishop Mora Salesian High School,” said Gonzalez. “I graduated in 1987 and to this day, I still keep in touch with them. That’s the loyalty we have within that bond.”

Sports were also an escape for him.

“I grew up loving the Raiders, Dodgers, Magic Johnson and the [Showtime-era] Lakers, Kirk Gibson hitting that home run in the World Series, all of that,” he said.

His passion and skill in sports eventually led him to a football scholarship at Kansas State University playing for Bill Snyder, who won more than 200 games in his college football coaching career.

After his playing days ended and he earned his college degree in 1994, Gonzalez walked into an Army recruiter’s office in 1996, following through on his desire since childhood to serve in the military.

“The recruiter was a little surprised when I walked in,” said Gonzalez. “I was like ‘you don’t have to give me a whole speech, you don’t have to sell me on anything, I want to be an infantryman, where do I sign?’ I wanted to serve my country. I wanted to be out there in the woods, shooting guns and all that good stuff that comes with being an infantryman in the Army.”

Gonzalez said he came into the recruiter’s office so abruptly they asked if he was running from the police.

“I had grown up in a community where a lot of folks joined the military and it was something I had always wanted to do, I just wanted to get my education first,” said Gonzalez.

In 1996, Gonzalez arrived at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, his first duty station. Six years later he went to try out for Special Forces, eventually joined the 7th Special Forces Group out of Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Now a member of the Green Berets, Gonzalez trained, advised and assisted numerous times in South and Central America.

Like many in the combat arms and special forces community, there were multiple deployments to Afghanistan during two decades of war. The events of June 11, 2007, remain clear in Gonzalez’s head like it just happened.

At the time, Gonzalez was part of the Special Forces Operational Detachment Alpha 732. He and the others were ambushed by Taliban fighters following a routine patrol in the Uruzgan Province. Throughout the fight, he exposed himself to Taliban snipers and machine gunners three times, eventually saving the lives of four Afghan security forces that had been trapped. Gonzalez almost died in the process.

“A sniper bullet just whispered right by my head,” he said. “I could have kissed it, that’s how close it was. But if I had to do it again, I would. That’s just the type of person I am. Loyalty is one of the Army values. You have that in sports as well, the whole team concept. You don’t want to be the reason why the other team scored a touchdown and you lost the game. In war or combat, you don’t want to be the reason why your teammates are shot or killed.”

The Special Forces motto is “De Oppreso Liber” which translates from Latin as “to free the oppressed.”

“That’s truly what I felt we were doing over there,” said Gonzalez. “They were being oppressed by the Taliban and all these enemy folks and you just know innocent people are being killed when they were just trying to live their lives. In the states, you see kids running around and you see the kids in Afghanistan, they can’t even be kids because they’re being oppressed. It makes you appreciate it more when you come back to the states, so you hug your kids a little tighter and a little longer and you tell them you love them.”

Gonzalez had another brush with death in 2013 when he received news that his son, serving in the Army himself as a combat medic specialist, has been injured in combat and almost died in Afghanistan.

“I literally could not move when I received that call, “said Gonzalez. “I was paralyzed and scared for my son but thank God he eventually recovered.”

As he approaches 30 years in uniform, there is another event in his career that continues to shape him to this day. One he must hold back tears when talking about.

“There was a guy, Travis, who was on my team, just a good person and his parents are beautiful human beings, and Travis was killed in Afghanistan by an improvised explosive device on a deployment before the one I received the Silver Star for,” he said. “When I made the rank of master sergeant and then I was a team sergeant, I told myself that if you’re on my team, no one is going to die on my watch. When we came back from Afghanistan, the wives thanked me for bringing their husbands home.”

Gonzalez added that Travis Hunsberger was an “18E,” a Special Forces Communications Sergeant on ODA 732, and he is the real hero.

“He sacrificed it all,” said Gonzalez. “Some gave some, but he gave all. He is the hero along with all of our fallen heroes. I’m no hero compared to them.”

Gonzalez’s two-decade-plus military career has gone full circle as he finished out his undergraduate degree serving an internship at the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth. These days, Gonzalez is the operations sergeant major for Mission Command Training Program. He oversees administrative requirements for Soldiers in the unit, not a combat role but still making sure Soldiers and their families are taken care of.

“I met a lot of great people in this business and if I was to change any of it, I would never have met those great people because the good people that I have met outweigh the bad.”

He credits his parents and his wife Alyson for supporting him through the highs and lows.

“I have to thank my parents for sacrificing everything for us and raising us with love and discipline,” said Gonzalez. “They encouraged us to always strive to do better and give it 100% every time. Always respect others and especially your elders. I’m the oldest of four boys and we all are doing well because of our parents.”

“My wife Alyson has been my bedrock and support pillar. She is a school counselor at Edgerton Elementary and I guess she tends to give me some counseling from time to time. We both graduated from Kansas State and love being alumni and continuing to support the school.”

Gonzalez was honored before a September 2022 football game at the university. He was awarded the Medal of Military Excellence and a President Emeritus Myers coin. The university’s president, Dr. Richard Linton, presented the awards to Gonzalez to recognize his Army career.

“I’ve been most proud of what Tony has done since leaving Kansas State University and getting invested in the service, and it just goes along with his nature and wanting to do what is right and provide guidance for his fellow teammates and his country,” said coach Snyder in an interview before the game.

By Russell Toof, Fort Leavenworth

Old Ironsides!

Monday, November 28th, 2022

The uniforms for the Army vs. Navy game have been unveiled and are inspired by the 1st Armored Division and the 80th anniversary of Operation Torch.

#GoArmyBeatNavy

Photos by Army West Point Athletics

525th E-MIB Military Intelligence History Minute

Monday, November 28th, 2022

Each week the 525th Expeditionary Military Intelligence Brigade presents a video showcasing moments in intelligent history. Here is the latest:

Unit Profile – US Army Indian Scouts

Saturday, November 26th, 2022

During the nation’s westward expansion after the Civil War, the U.S. Army fought a series of Indian Wars against the Native American Nations with whom white settlers had come into conflict.

Instrumental to Army success in the post-bellum Indian Wars were the Indian Scouts, an enlisted cadre of Native American scouts often drawn from Nations with longstanding antagonisms toward the Nations at war with the United States.

First formed in 1866, the Indian Scouts were a force of up to 1,000 men (although this slowly declined as the years passed) whose members were be compensated the same as a white cavalryman.

The Indian Scouts supplied desperately needed knowledge of the terrain and enemy belligerents to an Army short on expertise and struggling to accomplish its mission. Indian Scouts were essential to Army’s efforts across the greater frontier and played crucial roles in iconic conflicts like the Great Sioux War and the Apache Wars.

The settlement of the frontier by the close of the 19th century spelled the end for the Indian Scouts and their unique place in Army history; the service slowly declined until coming to a practical end by the beginning of World War One.

During their time in Army service, Indian Scouts earned 16 Medals of Honor; a small part of their legacy has been carried into the present day by U.S. Army Special Forces, whose crossed arrows insignia was originally designated for use by the Indian Scouts in 1890.

US Army Center of Military History

82nd Airborne Division’s Airborne Innovation Lab

Monday, November 21st, 2022

The 82nd Airborne Division has established an Airborne Innovation Lab as a no-reservation-required makerspace to learn, research, innovate, build, and explore new ideas to solve tactical problems. However, the AIL also offers classes on how to use its various equipment.

Located in Bldg. 3-2102 on Long Street, the lab boasts the following capabilities:

Digital Fabrication: 3D printers, 3D scanner, and workstations with Fusion360

Woodshop: CNC milling, laser cutting/etching, and other woodshop machinery/tools

Workshop: Robotics kits, soldering stations, electronics workstations with tools and components

Textile Station: Sewing machines, plotter cutter, heat-transfer vinyl, ironing station

Design Thinking and Collaboration: Space for facilitating design thinking workshops and project collaboration

The lab supports all of Fort Bragg, not just the All American Division. In fact, a Communications Sergeant from 1st Special Forces Command (Airborne) recently used the AIL to create new landing feet for a sUAS which interface with Weapon Holster adapters allowing Soldiers to easier access to the drone.

As projects are created by Soldiers in the AIL, the files are distributed to other Design, Innovation, Research, and Technology (DIRT) Labs across the Army and printed, providing the capability of these new prototypes to Soldiers across the country.

Other projects that have been shared across different DIRT Labs include breach-lane markers, chem light holsters, and Raven propellers.

In addition to visiting the lab you can submit your ideas here.

PC22 Experiments with New Medical Technology for the Battlefield

Monday, November 21st, 2022

FORT IRWIN, Calif. — A buzz could be heard as a medical supply drone known as Project Crimson flew overhead to drop off packages of crucial medical field supplies to medics assisting wounded warriors. As the supplies hit the ground, a medic rushed to retrieve the packages, as many of the other medical warriors kept applying field aid to their Soldier counterparts.

The mass casualty scenario, part of Project Convergence 22, brought together medical personnel from the U.S. Army’s 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment, and the Australian Army’s 2nd Health Battalion, to experiment with advanced field care technologies, including those enabled by artificial intelligence.

“Project Crimson is a project to take a common unmanned air system and adapt it to support a medical mission,” said Nathan Fisher, Medical Robotics and Autonomous Systems division chief at the U.S. Army’s Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Center.

“This drone supports medical field care when casualty evacuation isn’t an option. It can keep whole blood and other crucial items refrigerated in the autonomous portable refrigeration unit and take it to medics in the field with wounded warriors.”

Fisher explained how the drone is a vertical landing and take-off aircraft, therefore doesn’t need a catapult launch or runway to perform a lifesaving mission. This allows military personnel to preserve life in the critical phase of injury and facilitate rapid transport to an Army hospital for further treatment.

While Project Crimson sustained the medical field from the air, military medics used Medical Hands-free Unified Broadcast, or MedHUB, and Battlefield Assisted Trauma Distributed Observation Kit, or BATDOK, systems strapped to their arms and chests to input medical treatments digitally from the ground.

“MedHUB is used to enhance medical situational awareness,” said Philip Featherston, an Air-ground Interoperability and Integration Lab systems engineer. “At the point of injury, we can start hands-free documentation. All we do is place a sensor to the patient that will apply a broadcast to the treatment facility and control center.”

“The facility can see the patient’s status real-time using BATDOK, while the medics on ground can update treatments and medications for the patients as well. This allows the facility to be alerted, rally and prepare to treat the patient once they are transported,” explained Michael Sedillo, an integrated cockpit sensing program airman systems director with the Air Force Research Laboratory.

During the experiment, litters carrying casualties were taken from medical evacuation vehicles, while Army field hospital medics rushed to apply advanced medical care. As casualties were taken into tents, medics with BATDOK and MedHUB systems traded patient information with the previous medical personnel with the near field communication card.

“The ability to have these technologies on hand has enhanced medical field care tremendously,” said Capt. Morgan Plowman, a nurse with the 15th Brigade Support Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division. “To take a tablet or phone to input personnel data has increased the communication down the line and accuracy of field care. So much so that the rate of patient care has increased to the point that caring for a casualty start to finish has sped up drastically.”

The mass casualty experiment also highlighted the potential for allied nations to work together more closely on future battlefields in the area of emergency medical care.

“This is an excellent opportunity to come over here and work with multinational partners,” said Capt. Michael Harley, an Australian Army medical officer, of Project Convergence 22 experimentation. “It is eye-opening to see the initiative between everyone and see the interoperability between the nations.”

“I just came from [advanced individual training], so I didn’t know what to expect coming out here during this event,” said Pfc. Tyler Swanson, a 15th Brigade Support Battalion, 1st Cavalry Division field medic. “When I used this medical technology, it was easy to pick up and learn, even in a fast-paced field environment.”

“I am excited to see what the future of medical technology will look like a decade down the road,” Swanson added.

By SGT Trinity Carter, 14th Public Affairs Detachment