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SCUBAPRO Sunday – Operation Flipper

Sunday, December 4th, 2022

Operation Flipper was a raid by the Combined Operations to kill Field Marshall Erwin Rommel at his headquarters in Sidi Rafa, Libya, that would take place between 10-19 November 1941. The attack would use man from Combined Operations, Special Boat Services (SBS), No. 11 Commando, Long Range Desert Group (LRDG), and also the man from the Special Operations Executive (SOE) G(R). This raid was to be a smaller part of a more significant campaign to relieve Tobruk and push the Axis from North Africa.

The operation had four main objectives, first and foremost was to kill Rommel at his headquarters, destroy the nearby Italian headquarters and its communications network, sabotage the Italian Intelligence Office in Appolonia and its communications network between Faidia and Lamdula, and lastly, conduct general sabotage actions elsewhere in the Axis forces rear area.

Leading the mission was Colonel Robert Laycock. His second in command was Lieutenant Colonel Geoffrey Keyes. On November 10, 1941, Laycock’s six officers and 53 men boarded the submarines Torbay and Talisman and left Alexandria harbor for Beda Littoria, Cyrenaica. Waiting for them on the beach was Captain Jock Haselden and an Arab soldier from the SOE’s G(R). They would guide the folbots (early versions of Klepper type canoes) to the beach and help them ashore. Once ashore, they would meet up with the rest of Haselden man, including two more Brits, a free Belgian, and another Arab soldier who stayed further inland; all had been dropped off by the LRDG earlier that day. Haselden’s team had local knowledge of the area; one of the Arabs would lead the assault team to the target while the rest of Haselden’s team would sabotaging the communications. Keyes got himself and all his men ashore. But as Layton and his men prepared to disembark, a storm struck. Heavy seas drove Talisman aground, and only Layton and seven men reached the beach.

With his force cut in half, Keyes modified the plan. It would be a two-part assault; Keyes would attack Rommel’s HQ, and Lt. Roy Cooke would lead the Italian headquarters’ attack. Layton and a small force would defend the force’s escape route. On the evening of November 15, Keyes, Cooke, and their men headed inland. Despite the weather, the groups managed to reach their respective launch positions on the evening of November 17. At midnight, they attacked. Keyes, leading a three-person assault team, burst into the villa identified as Rommel’s headquarters. They surprised a German officer who was killed as he struggled with Keyes. The attackers then rushed down the hall, and Keyes opened a room where ten Germans were arming themselves. One of the Germans shot Keyes, killing him. What the team didn’t know was that Rommel had left the compound a week earlier for Rome. After Keyes’s death, things started to get worse.

Campbell was shot in the leg by one of his men. He passed command to Sergeant Jack Terry and remained behind. Terry gathered the raiding team and retreated with 17 men to rejoin Laycock at the beach. Cooke’s men encountered a platoon or so of Italian police paratroopers. The Italians had been searching for the British raiders close to the village Mansura north of Cyrene. With the Italian and Germans looking for the raiding party, Laycock knew it would be impossible to re-embark on the submarines as they waited for the weather to improve. They were discovered and exchanged fire with local Italian and German troops. Low on ammo and aware that they could not stand off a larger force, Laycock ordered the men to scatter. Laycock and Terry made it to safety after 37 days in the desert. Bombardier John Brittlebank, one of the SBS teams who had guided the commandos in the folbots, escaped and survived alone in the desert for forty days until Allied troops picked him up. The rest of the raiding force was captured, some of them were wounded.  

The raid was considered a failure by the British high command, but to the Germans, especially to Rommel, it showed what the Combined Operations could do. It would also help Winston Churchill decide to put the Commando’s and other groups under the SOE after the British military decide they didn’t need them anymore. Rommel was quoted as saying, “It was a brilliant operation and with great audacity.” Rommel ordered that Keyes and all the rest of the Commandos be buried with full military honors, sending his personal chaplain, priest Rudolf Dalmrath, to officiate. He had cypress crosses and wreaths made for the British and German dead. Rommel also instructed that photographs be taken of the ceremony and Keyes’ grave and sent them to his parents, a chivalrous act that increased British respect for him. British Special Operations would continue to wreak havoc thru out the Africa Theater of Operation, significantly contributing to the Allies victory.

Security Force Assistance Primer

Saturday, December 3rd, 2022

Since 2018, the Army has fielded six purpose-built security force assistance brigades (SFABs) to advise or train with vetted foreign security forces so Army brigade combat teams could focus their training and readiness to participate in large-scale combat operations.

Most of the security force assistance (SFA) planners and practitioners interviewed for this SFA primer publication agree that the authorities to conduct SFA are inconsistent with current SFA activities conducted in several countries around the world.

A general lack of understanding on how these activities are funded has led to inefficient SFAB use. This primer explores current SFA literature to determine if the doctrine is accurate, understandable, and consistent with other doctrine or if further doctrine revisions are required.

The intent of this primer is to review how the Army provides trained and ready SFA capabilities for combatant commands’ (CCMDs’) security cooperation (SC) programs and related activities coordinated through their theater armies.

The principal audience for this primer is theater army SC planners, division and brigade leaders and staffs, and Soldiers assigned or attached as advisors to brigades that execute SFA missions or echelons above brigade accomplishing the same missions.

Read Full Document:

23-02 (703)_Security Force Assistance Primer (Nov 22) (Public).pdf [PDF – 2.3 MB]

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By Center for Army Lessons Learned

FirstSpear Friday Focus: 12 Days of Christmas

Friday, December 2nd, 2022

Click HERE to enter. Happy Holiday’s killers.

Visit FirstSpear to find America’s Best tactical gear this holiday season.

US Army Completes Fielding of Short Range Reconnaissance System

Friday, December 2nd, 2022

REDSTONE ARSENAL, Ala. — The Soldier Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Product Office successfully completed fielding of the RQ-28A, Short Range Reconnaissance (SRR) system to the 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment at Fort Benning, GA, in early November.

The Skydio RQ-28A is the Army’s first program of record quadcopter. It is a new and disruptive organic capability that is fielded to the platoon echelon in the form of a portable rucksack Vertical Take Off and Lift, small, unmanned aircraft. It provides Warfighters with enhanced situational awareness and a standoff capability in urban and complex terrain, enabling accurate reconnaissance and surveillance of targets of interest. It can be used to conduct surveillance during routine combat operations.

During the new equipment fielding and new equipment training, UAS project office leaders, along with crucial personnel from the SUAS offices, traveled to Fort Benning to participate in the final day of training with the Soldiers and engage critical stakeholders.

“It’s very intuitive with great obstacle avoidance, additionally the thermal is better than expected.” Said Staff Sgt. Adam McDevitt the UAS section platoon sergeant. “I can’t wait to use this on full mission profiles to see what it can really do.”

“The SRR RQ-28A capability will provide game-changing technology to Army platoons, enhancing both Soldier lethality and survivability” said Carson L. Wakefield, product lead for Soldier Unmanned Aircraft Systems. “It is a new capability for the Army, and I am so proud of my team for delivering an innovative solution in just under three years from prototype to delivery.”

The quadcopter system weighs less than five pounds, can be carried and stowed in a transport case and is rucksack portable. It has vertical take-off and landing, hover, perch and stare capabilities. The system is hand launched and capable of being recovered within confined areas.

The Soldier UAS Product Office is scheduled to field 480 systems across the Army in 2023 with a total of 1,083 delivered during low-rate initial production systems through the second quarter of F25.

The RQ-28A is the first tranche of the SRR program and delivers a much-needed capability to Soldiers. Tranche 2 will include a prototyping effort and will include threshold requirements and multiple performance objectives.

By David Hylton

Air Force Basic Military Training Replaces Four-Day Field Exercise With 36-Hour Event

Thursday, December 1st, 2022

The Air Force recently replaced the four-day BEAST field exercise during Basic Military Training with a 36-hour experience. The old event was woefully inadequate to actually prepare a new Airman for a deployment, but it was designed around a FOB-centric deployment model.

The new reality the Air Force finds itself in is an environment of constant threats and movement, little rest, and high stress. So what does the Air Force do in light of this threat? They dumb down preparation for it. Not only that, but they’re proud of it.

Air Force leaders at all levels should be required to read the accounts of the opening days if the Korean War, the fate of ill-prepared Airmen in particular, and see the images of what happened to our troops when they were overwhelmed by North Koreans. Add in a bit of history on the attacks on sapper attacks on airfields in South East Asia.

Here’s the Air Force’s story about their new toy.

Forging the next generation: BMT leads the way

JOINT BASE SAN ANTONIO-LACKLAND, Texas (AFNS) —

Following a 16-year run, Basic Expeditionary Airman Skills Training, or BEAST, has come to an end.

With an eye toward the future fight, Air Force basic military training is implementing a revised training exercise – PACER FORGE – where Agile Combat Employment and the concept of multi-capable Airmen are the beating heart.

Primary Agile Combat Employment Range, Forward Operations Readiness Generation Exercise, or PACER FORGE, is a fast-paced, two-day scenario-based deployment that mirrors the Air Force’s force generation process and reinforces concepts introduced at BMT.

“The move toward PACER FORGE is not just a renaming or re-branding of BEAST,” said Col. Jeff Pixley, 737th Training Group commander. “This was a year-long effort to reimagine BEAST.”

BMT has had dedicated training days to instill the warrior mindset, initially called “Warrior Week,” since 1999. In 2004, that training was expanded and in 2006, the four-day BEAST exercise stood up and had largely remained unchanged, until now.

Pixley assumed command of BMT in 2021, and assessed that BEAST was more centered around just-in-time pre-deployment training which led to the re-engineering and birth of PACER FORGE.

“The creation of the PACER FORGE program is an opportunity for students to prepare for their roles as multi-capable Airmen and for instructors to hone their leadership skills to mentor the new generation,” he said.

PACER FORGE is executed in the sixth week of BMT. During a 36-hour window, military training instructors and trainees, will deploy to the former BEAST site where they will be organized into smaller dispersed teams. Here, they will be put to the test with scenarios that are built to provide flexibility, promote information seeking, teamwork, decision making and are results focused.

Pixley said the PACER FORGE curriculum is designed to enhance force packaging with teams tailored for mission generation, command and control, and base operating support functions to help meet the vision of the 2030 Enlisted Force Airman. It is also a change in that cadre are now in a mentorship and facilitation role, versus giving direction and instruction.

“The most important thing we do at BMT is plant the seeds of personal discipline, wingmanship, teamwork, and embrace our core values,” Pixley said. “This culminating event for BMT does just that while focused on the future fight. We are providing basic trainees with their first opportunity to put their teamwork, discipline, and problem-solving skills to the test in a scenario-based deployment that is physically demanding and based on real-world operations.”

Pixley added that trainees can put into practice the basic war fighting skills learned in earlier weeks of training. Skills such as tactical combat casualty care and weapons handling.

“Agile Combat Employment is about building foundational skills and problem-solving behaviors in an increasingly challenged threat environment to codify repeatable and understandable processes,” said Lt. Col. Jeff Parrish, 319th Training Squadron commander, whose squadron is responsible for the oversight of PACER FORGE.

He added that instructors also love that the new curriculum affords them the freedom of creativity to adjust and adapt in real-time based on trainee actions, skill level, and capability.

“What we are doing is making them [trainees] ready to join any team, to work well together, to solve tough problems, to be good wingmen and teammates, and to innovate,” Pixley said. “If we get it right, it will be the highlight of their BMT experience, despite only being 36-hours in length. Early feedback suggests we are absolutely on the right track.”

PACER FORGE is operational, but officials are purposely keeping the scenarios close to the vest, “We want it to be something trainees consider so important and formative that they don’t spoil it for those that follow,” Pixley stated. “This is not the end of an era but rather a symbolic change to develop capable and ready Airmen and Guardians … anytime, anywhere.”

Story by Joe Gangemi, 37th Training Wing Public Affairs

Photos by Thomas Coney

War Hero Recounts Lives Saved in Afghanistan

Wednesday, November 30th, 2022

FORT LEAVENWORTH, Kan. — Sitting inside one of the many buildings around Fort Leavenworth that belong to the Mission Command Training Program, is Sgt. Maj. Antonio Gonzalez. He an ardent believer in the Army values and by all definition, a war hero. His actions in Afghanistan in 2007 would result in the Silver Star, the third-highest award for valor in the U.S. Army.

Gonzalez grew up in Boyel Heights in East Los Angeles, an area known for drug and gang wars and also high unemployment.

“Despite what was happening where I grew up, I met some outstanding friends at Bishop Mora Salesian High School,” said Gonzalez. “I graduated in 1987 and to this day, I still keep in touch with them. That’s the loyalty we have within that bond.”

Sports were also an escape for him.

“I grew up loving the Raiders, Dodgers, Magic Johnson and the [Showtime-era] Lakers, Kirk Gibson hitting that home run in the World Series, all of that,” he said.

His passion and skill in sports eventually led him to a football scholarship at Kansas State University playing for Bill Snyder, who won more than 200 games in his college football coaching career.

After his playing days ended and he earned his college degree in 1994, Gonzalez walked into an Army recruiter’s office in 1996, following through on his desire since childhood to serve in the military.

“The recruiter was a little surprised when I walked in,” said Gonzalez. “I was like ‘you don’t have to give me a whole speech, you don’t have to sell me on anything, I want to be an infantryman, where do I sign?’ I wanted to serve my country. I wanted to be out there in the woods, shooting guns and all that good stuff that comes with being an infantryman in the Army.”

Gonzalez said he came into the recruiter’s office so abruptly they asked if he was running from the police.

“I had grown up in a community where a lot of folks joined the military and it was something I had always wanted to do, I just wanted to get my education first,” said Gonzalez.

In 1996, Gonzalez arrived at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, his first duty station. Six years later he went to try out for Special Forces, eventually joined the 7th Special Forces Group out of Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Now a member of the Green Berets, Gonzalez trained, advised and assisted numerous times in South and Central America.

Like many in the combat arms and special forces community, there were multiple deployments to Afghanistan during two decades of war. The events of June 11, 2007, remain clear in Gonzalez’s head like it just happened.

At the time, Gonzalez was part of the Special Forces Operational Detachment Alpha 732. He and the others were ambushed by Taliban fighters following a routine patrol in the Uruzgan Province. Throughout the fight, he exposed himself to Taliban snipers and machine gunners three times, eventually saving the lives of four Afghan security forces that had been trapped. Gonzalez almost died in the process.

“A sniper bullet just whispered right by my head,” he said. “I could have kissed it, that’s how close it was. But if I had to do it again, I would. That’s just the type of person I am. Loyalty is one of the Army values. You have that in sports as well, the whole team concept. You don’t want to be the reason why the other team scored a touchdown and you lost the game. In war or combat, you don’t want to be the reason why your teammates are shot or killed.”

The Special Forces motto is “De Oppreso Liber” which translates from Latin as “to free the oppressed.”

“That’s truly what I felt we were doing over there,” said Gonzalez. “They were being oppressed by the Taliban and all these enemy folks and you just know innocent people are being killed when they were just trying to live their lives. In the states, you see kids running around and you see the kids in Afghanistan, they can’t even be kids because they’re being oppressed. It makes you appreciate it more when you come back to the states, so you hug your kids a little tighter and a little longer and you tell them you love them.”

Gonzalez had another brush with death in 2013 when he received news that his son, serving in the Army himself as a combat medic specialist, has been injured in combat and almost died in Afghanistan.

“I literally could not move when I received that call, “said Gonzalez. “I was paralyzed and scared for my son but thank God he eventually recovered.”

As he approaches 30 years in uniform, there is another event in his career that continues to shape him to this day. One he must hold back tears when talking about.

“There was a guy, Travis, who was on my team, just a good person and his parents are beautiful human beings, and Travis was killed in Afghanistan by an improvised explosive device on a deployment before the one I received the Silver Star for,” he said. “When I made the rank of master sergeant and then I was a team sergeant, I told myself that if you’re on my team, no one is going to die on my watch. When we came back from Afghanistan, the wives thanked me for bringing their husbands home.”

Gonzalez added that Travis Hunsberger was an “18E,” a Special Forces Communications Sergeant on ODA 732, and he is the real hero.

“He sacrificed it all,” said Gonzalez. “Some gave some, but he gave all. He is the hero along with all of our fallen heroes. I’m no hero compared to them.”

Gonzalez’s two-decade-plus military career has gone full circle as he finished out his undergraduate degree serving an internship at the United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth. These days, Gonzalez is the operations sergeant major for Mission Command Training Program. He oversees administrative requirements for Soldiers in the unit, not a combat role but still making sure Soldiers and their families are taken care of.

“I met a lot of great people in this business and if I was to change any of it, I would never have met those great people because the good people that I have met outweigh the bad.”

He credits his parents and his wife Alyson for supporting him through the highs and lows.

“I have to thank my parents for sacrificing everything for us and raising us with love and discipline,” said Gonzalez. “They encouraged us to always strive to do better and give it 100% every time. Always respect others and especially your elders. I’m the oldest of four boys and we all are doing well because of our parents.”

“My wife Alyson has been my bedrock and support pillar. She is a school counselor at Edgerton Elementary and I guess she tends to give me some counseling from time to time. We both graduated from Kansas State and love being alumni and continuing to support the school.”

Gonzalez was honored before a September 2022 football game at the university. He was awarded the Medal of Military Excellence and a President Emeritus Myers coin. The university’s president, Dr. Richard Linton, presented the awards to Gonzalez to recognize his Army career.

“I’ve been most proud of what Tony has done since leaving Kansas State University and getting invested in the service, and it just goes along with his nature and wanting to do what is right and provide guidance for his fellow teammates and his country,” said coach Snyder in an interview before the game.

By Russell Toof, Fort Leavenworth

Crye Precision HALFJAK 2.0 Now Available in MultiCam Alpine

Tuesday, November 29th, 2022

The new HALFJAK 2.0 combines your favorite features from its predecessor and some upgrades, to deliver a tried and true design concept that helps you stay warm and dry while granting access to critical gear on the plate carrier.

Enhancements include jump-tested shoulder pass through pockets that give access to underlayers and thumb loop cuffs that keep sleeves in place and fit over and under gloves.

A new J Hook offers secure attachment to plate carriers and chest rigs.

The HALFJAK 2.0 is available in MultiCam, MultiCam Alpine, Black, and Ranger Green.

www.cryeprecision.com

Fall 2022 Special Operations Center for Medical Integration and Development

Tuesday, November 29th, 2022

BIRMINGHAM, Ala. —  

U.S. Air Force Pararescuemen executed the Fall 2022 Special Operations Center for Medical Integration and Development culminating field training exercise in Birmingham, Alabama, Nov. 17, 2022. 

Training provided the pararescuemen various controlled scenarios to enhance medical readiness, whether in day-to-day operations or in austere, resource-limited locations.

The culminating FTX was the capstone to a two-week-long certification course where students applied skills learned in civilian hospital care to tactical scenarios.

SOCMID is embedded with the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital. Their vision is to establish the premier trauma skills, sustainment and recertification platform for pararescuemen and Special Operations Independent Duty Medical Technicians. 

The partnership with UAB Hospital is beneficial to students as it is a level one trauma center, allowing them to conduct clinical rotations in operating and emergency rooms. 

“The civilian-military partnerships are important to our sustainment program,” said U.S. Air Force Col. Clayton Rabens, 24th Special Operations Wing command surgeon. “Some of these skills are perishable, so having partnerships like we do with UAB allows us to replicate scenarios and solve problems hands-on, then apply them to tactical scenarios for students to practice.” 

Some of the other training was completed with virtual reality headsets. Specific VR training helps students refine cognitive skills in approaching medical problem sets.

Additionally, prolonged casualty care scenarios allowed pararescue teams to work through casualty care with new skillsets learned while attending SOCMID real-time with wounded mannequins. 

“We want to ensure they’re prepared to meet real-world missions,” added Rabens. “The high stress environment they encounter during the FTX ensures we are able to meet that goal.” 

By 1st Lt Victor Reyes, 24 SOW Public Affairs